Under Five Girls Found More Prone to Protein Energy Malnutrition Compared to Boys: A Squatter Settlement Study from Karachi

Background: Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), is an imbalance between protein and energy intake the body’s requirement for optimal growth. In Pakistan, almost 40% of children, less than 5 years, have stunted growth, while 17.7% suffer from muscle wasting. This study aimed to explore frequency different types in children under years residing Sikandarabad evaluate risk factors leading this condition. Methods: cross-sectional observational study, recruited 220 age. Previous health record was investigated. Physical examination done anthropometric measurements each child were plotted on WHO/CDC Growth Standard Charts classify degree malnutrition. Binary multivariate logistic regression computed see a significant association with outcome. Results: The prevalence PEM 136(61.5%). Overall girls underweight (9±3.8 kg) (77.2±16.1) compared boys. Delayed weaning factor (p=0.044). majority belonged Low socio-economic status 65(47.8%), more 2 siblings. However, 40(29.4%) those below malnourished. A positive (OR:1.37,1.21) found acute illnesses (56.6%), worm infestation (14%) measles outbreaks (5.9%). Conclusion: Young severely undernourished probably because bias attitude toward gender preference distribution quality food (p=0.14). Keywords: Protein Energy Malnutrition; Underweight; Stunting; Wasting; Overweight.